MCSE-003
1. How does the
use of heuristics reduce the search space? Suggest a heuristic function for
travelling salesman problem. (10 Marks)
2. Explain the
following knowledge representation techniques with suitable example. (10
Marks)
(i) Semantic Net
(ii) Rule-Based Representation
3. (a) Differentiate between an expert system and a conventional system. (2.5
Marks)
(b) Discuss state space representation for the
following: (7.5 Marks)
(i) Traveling Salesman Problem
(ii) Water-Jug Problem,
(iii) Human Cannibal River-Crossing Problem.
4. (a) Write a
recursive function in LISP named partial-factorial that takes two natural
numbers m and n as arguments, and then computes the product of all natural
numbers between m and n (including m both m and n). It is not necessary that m
is less than n. (5 Marks)
(b) Write a PROLOG
programme that answers questions about family members and relationships.
Include predicates and rules which define sister, brother, father, mother,
grandfather, grand-child and uncle. The programme should be able to answer
queries such as the following:
?
– grandfather (X, mohan)
?
– grandchild (X, Y)
?
– uncle (phillips, mary)
?
– mother (ruksana, X)
5. What
are Agents ? Discuss various types of agents with reference to their relevance
and significance in expert systems. (10 Marks)
6. (a) Give Frame-Based Representation for the
following facts:
Ramesh
is a 35-year-old Professor of Hindi in Delhi University.
The
name of his wife, son and daughter are respectively Kavita, Ravi and Sameera. (5 Marks)
(b) Give Semantic Net
representation (instead of Frame-based representation) of the facts given in part
(a) of this question. (5 Marks)
7. (a) Compare backward reasoning and forward reasoning strategies in
Artificial Intelligence. (5 Marks)
(b) Explain each of the following w.r.t. the
discipline of Artificial Intelligence : (5 Marks)
(i) Learning
(ii) Understanding
(iii)
The Turing Test
(iv) Uncertainty
(v) A.I. problem
8. Write
A* algorithm. How is A* algorithm different from AO*? Out of the two which one
is better and why? Justify with suitable arguments.
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