BCS-042
1. How can
big O-notation be used to estimate the sum of the first n positive integers. (5 marks)
2. Show how
the following matrices should be multiplied using the Strassen’s algorithm.


3. Using
Induction method, show that for all the integers n 12 + 22
+ ….. + n2 =
(5 marks)

4. What is a
recurrence relation ? Where it is used ? Write recurrence relation for the
followings and explain it. (8 marks)
(i) Binary Search Algorithm
(ii) Merge Sort Algorithm
(iii) Fibonacci Series Algorithm
(iv) Quick Sort Algorithm
5. What are
the applications of spanning tree. Write Prim’s algorithm and apply it to the
following graph to find out total cost of a minimum spanning tree. Show all the
intermediate steps. Also, discuss time complexity of Prim’s algorithm.

6. Define
what is an optimization problem ? What are the tasks performed in Greedy method
to solve optimization problem. Design a Greedy algorithm for Knapsack problem.
We are given n objects and a Knapsack or a bag object. It has a weight Wi and
the Knapsack has capacity m. If a fraction Xi, 0 ≤ Xi ≤
1, of object i is placed into
the Knapsack, profit of PiXi is earned. The objective is
to fill the Knapsack in such a way as to maximize the total profit earning. (10 marks)
7. What
are the properties of a shortest path. Write Bellman Ford’s algorithm and apply
it to the following graph.

Show
all the intermediate steps of the algorithm. (10 marks)
8. Write
Merge Sort algorithm and explain the operation of the algorithm with help of
the following example. 70 30 20 80 40 90 25 50 (7 marks)
9. Explain
the following terms : (10 marks)
(i) Adjacency matrix
(ii) Convected graph
(iii)
Asymptote
(iv)
Time complexity
(v)
Branch and broad
10. Write a Pseudocode to perform a Linear Search
Algorithm. Calculate the total number of comparison-operations,
assignment-operations and how many times the loop will execute for finding the
smallest number in an array ?
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